Task 1: The maps below show the difference of the neighborhood in the past and at present
Cấu Trúc Bài Viết Dạng Maps
Để miêu tả 2 bản đồ, bạn nên chia bài viết của mình thành 4 đoạn văn (paragraph):
Đoạn 1 – Paraphrase sentences
Paraphrase lại câu hỏi đề bài bằng các từ đồng nghĩa
Đoạn 2 – Overview
Bạn nên có khoảng 2 câu general statement mô tả chung về 2 bản đồ và những sự khác biệt đáng chú ý nhất giữa chúng. Bạn có thể xác định những thay đổi chung bằng cách trả lời các câu hỏi sau: Bản đồ thể hiện lượng cư dân ít hơn hay tăng lên? Diện tích khu vực nông thôn và lượng cây xanh có giảm đi không? Những thay đổi này là rất lớn hay không đáng kể? Có cải tiến gì lớn trong cơ sở hạ tầng không? Những tòa nhà và khu vui chơi giải trí (leisure facilities) đã thay đổi như thế nào?
Đoạn 3: Main paragraph 1
3-4 câu về những thay đổi cụ thể đã xảy ra.
Đoạn 4: Main paragraph 2
Thêm 3-4 câu về những thay đổi cụ thể đã xảy ra.
Bạn có thể nhóm thông tin trong đoạn 3 và 4 với nhau theo thời gian hoặc địa điểm để tiện so sánh, tùy thuộc vào đề bài.
- Buildings: demolished, knocked-down, flattened, replaced, renovated, built, constructed, reconstructed, developed, extended, expanded, relocated, converted and modernized.
Ví dụ:
The government demolished the industrial estate and developed a sports ground.
They removed the shops and replaced it with a skyscraper.
A port was constructed at the edge of the river.
The factory in the city centre was demolished and relocated to the north of the city.
The old warehouses were replaced with new hotels.
The factory was converted into apartments.
- Trees and Forests: cleared, cut-down, chopped-down, removed, planted.
Ví dụ:
The forest was cut-down and replaced with a shopping centre.
The trees were cleared to make way for houses.
Roads, bridges and railways lines- constructed, built, extended, expanded and removed.
The main road was extended and a new bridge built over the river.
- Leisure facilities: opened, set up, developed.
Ví dụ:
A skate park was set up next to the swimming pool.
A park was developed beside the forest.
Cách mô tả những thay đổi chung
Trong đoạn overview bạn cần viết về những thay đổi chung, tổng quát và dễ nhận thấy nhất. Dưới đây là một số gợi ý về câu general statement chúng ta có thể sử dụng để mô tả sự thay đổi:
- Over the period, the area witnessed dramatic changes.
- From 1995 to 2005, the city centre saw spectacular developments.
- The village changed considerably over the time period.
- During the 10-year period, the industrial area was totally transformed.
- Over the past 20 years, the residential area was totally reconstructed.
- Over the time period, the old docks were totally redeveloped.
- Between 1995 and 2005, the old houses were rebuilt.
- The central business district was completely modernised during the time period.
Cách viết Overview đơn giản nhất Chọn 2-3 sự khác biệt đáng chú ý nhất trên bản đồ và viết một câu general statement về mỗi sự khác biệt này. Các câu đó sẽ là Overview cho bài viết của bạn.
Những thay đổi cụ thể hơn sẽ được trình bày trong các phần thân bài phía sau (main paragraph).
Mô tả địa điểm (LOCATION)
Với dạng bài Maps, bạn sẽ phải mô tả vị trí của các đối tượng trên bản đồ và vị trí của các thay đổi đã diễn ra. Một số từ vựng thông dụng, dễ dùng là “to the left” và “to the right”, nhưng để đạt band điểm cao thì bạn nên học cách mô tả bằng “south”, “north”, “west” và “east”.
Ví dụ:
- The forest to the south of the river was cut down.
- A golf course was constructed to the north of the airport.
- The houses in the south-west of the town were demolished.
- The green fields to the north-west of the city were redeveloped as a park.
- The airport in the centre of the city was relocated to the north-east of the river.
- The school to the south-east was knocked down and a new one built to the east of the forest.
Bên cạnh đó, bạn nên sử dụng các giới từ chỉ địa điểm, ví dụ: at/in/on/by/beside/to/off/from, để mô tả vị trí các vật trên bản đồ.
Ví dụ:
- Dramatic changes took place in the city centre.
- To the south of the town, there is a golf course surrounded by trees.
- A new school was built next to the swimming pool.
- The old road running from north to south was replaced by a new motorway.
- A marina was built on the banks of the river.
EXAMPLE: The maps show the reconstruction of a neighborhood from 1995 until now. It has been significantly modernized.
What stands out from the graph is the farmland and the forest park has totally been demolished from the neighborhood, replaced by many recreational facilities. In addition, a fishing port is built.
In the eastern part of the neighborhood, the gold and tennis center replace the farmland and the forest park. A car park is built to the southeast of the map. The housing zone is expanded with more houses for residents. Road is also lengthened to make ways for more houses. To the east of the houses, shops has been replaced by restaurants.
There are many changes in the coast. The fish market opposite the coast was knocked-down. Instead, people developed new apartments for more inhabitants. A port is built to make it easier for fishing and other activities off-shore.
Task 2: Online shopping is becoming more popular. How could this trend affect our environment and the kinds of work required?
Nowadays, with the growth of technology, there has been an on-going trend among the youngsters: online shopping. This phenomenon has both positive and negative impacts on today’s world. In this essay, I will discuss about the effects online shopping has on our environment and job opportunity.
When it comes to environment, online shopping seems to have positive effect on it. To put it more specific, online shopping helps us save lands for housing or recreational facilities. With the growing trend of urbanization, land is inadequate and forest is demolished for more place to live. By increasing online shopping, people can cut down the amount spending to rent a shop and use location for inhabitants. Furthermore, online shopping helps reduce the advertisements on billboard, which might cause many species of bird harm because of the bright light at night. For example, in Vietnam, online shopping is a go-to option for many young people. As a result, shop owner do not have to rent a shop or advertise on billboard but everything is done via Internet.
On the one hand, online shopping also has negative effect on the community. Online shopping shortens many job opportunities such as seller, cashier, and other jobs in terms of customer services, which reduces a tremendous amount of customer services industry jobs in the world. But on the other hand, online shopping also provide jobs an occupation : delivery. With just a click on screen, customers can order, pay and receive products through delivery without going out.
In conclusion, I contend that online shopping has its own good and bad side. It’s undeniably true that it may cause a loss for job opportunities but it also save our land. It’s the responsibility of humans to utilize the good side and prevent the bad effect of online shopping in the future.
nguon: ielts jolo
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